What Is Downstream In Oil And Gas – If you’ve ever listened to the oil and gas business, you’ve probably heard these three terms. But do you know what they mean? In fact, they are three related parts of the same thing – the oil and gas industry. Upstream: This refers to anything related to the exploration and production of oil and natural gas. Geological surveys and any collection of data used to identify specific areas where mineral resources are likely to be found are often referred to as “exploration”. The term “upstream” also includes the steps involved in drilling and bringing oil and natural gas resources to the surface, known as “production.” Environment: Everything needed to transport and store crude oil and natural gas before it is processed and turned into fuel, also known as the middle of the oil and gas industry, plus a very long list of key components. of frequently used products. During the day. Midstream includes all the infrastructure needed to move these resources over long distances, including pipelines, pumping stations, tanks, tankers, and intercontinental tankers. Online: The final sector of the oil and gas industry is called “downstream”. This includes everything related to the conversion of the crude oil and natural gas we use every day into thousands of finished products. More specific products are fuels such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene, jet fuel, heating oil, and asphalt for road construction. However, long-chain hydrocarbons found in both oil and natural gas are used as part of countless products to make invisible products such as synthetic rubber, fertilizers, preservatives, containers, and plastics. Petroleum and natural gas products are used to make prosthetic limbs, hearing aids and fire-resistant clothing for fire protection. In fact, paints, dyes, fibers and almost everything else manufactured is linked to oil and natural gas. So now you know. “upstream” means the extraction of oil and natural gas from the earth’s surface; “Midstream” means transporting them safely over thousands of miles; And “downstream” transforms these resources into the fuels and end products we all depend on. Together, these three sectors of the oil and gas industry support the continuous flow of fuels and materials that make our lives better and safer.
The Oklahoma Energy Resources Board-OERB is funded on a voluntary basis by the state’s oil and gas producers and royalty owners. OERB provides free environmental rehabilitation at abandoned well sites and educates the nation about oil and gas production. Learn more about OERB’s mission and funding at OERB.com.
What Is Downstream In Oil And Gas
Welcome to your source for the latest articles, stories and videos about how the oil and gas industry supports the way we live, work and play. Subscribe to our newsletter to be informed, educated and shared. The oil and gas industry is highly complex and technology intensive. Therefore, oil and gas managers are always looking for disruptive solutions that can transform their upstream, midstream and downstream segments. In fact, according to a report by Microsoft and Accenture, more than 62 percent of oil and gas executives are ready to invest in digital technology.
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Fortunately, new IoT technologies in the oil and gas industry provide new opportunities to enrich their operations. IIoT technologies, including advanced analytics, telematics and sensors, help optimize operations, improve reliability and create new standards in the oil industry. Each segment of the oil and gas industry can benefit most from their early IoT efforts to achieve one of these goals.
According to Cisco, some of the largest oil and gas companies can increase their annual profits by billions of dollars by implementing a fully optimized IoT solution in their infrastructure.
Upstream companies focused on optimization can leverage different data sets to gain new business insights. Midstream companies looking for new business opportunities and network integrity can greatly benefit from building a data-driven infrastructure. The following players can increase their revenue by increasing their visibility in the hydrocarbon supply chain.
Because engineers spend 70% of their time searching and processing information, the equipment industry loses about $8 billion annually due to NPT (non-productive time). On the other hand, the growing need to expand the scope of data is due to companies’ poor data management capabilities.
The Future Of Downstream Oil
It doesn’t help that a major oil and gas company has to operate more than 50,000 wells. Manually inspecting such a large area of the well requires a lot of manpower, which reduces the company’s chances of getting rich. Furthermore, equipment breakdown in an oil well can slow down production and even make it uneven.
IoT’s advanced analytics capabilities allow oil and gas companies to remotely monitor the performance of their oil production equipment in real time. By improving the equipment maintenance experience, the Internet of Things enables the activation of onshore and offshore oil exploration activities.
Organizations can always get detailed information about the status of their equipment. Based on this performance, they can schedule maintenance and prevent unexpected component failures. Therefore, IoT transforms the equipment maintenance process from reactive to proactive.
In offshore oil exploration, Internet applications not only help detect potential damage to equipment, but also help protect marine life from oil spills. Read more about it here.
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The concentrated activities of the oil and gas industry are the processing, storage, transportation and distribution of crude oil. Crude oil is mainly transported from one place to another through pipelines. But these pipelines are constantly threatened by oil rats (thieves) who use drills and taps to extract oil illegally.
Oil theft is particularly common in African countries such as Nigeria, where 400,000 barrels of oil are stolen every day. The United States also lost $10 billion due to crude oil spills and theft. Therefore, oil companies are seeing significant growth in improving pipeline safety and reliability.
Oil and gas pipeline monitoring is one of the many major benefits of IoT in the oil and gas industry. A specially designed flowmeter measures the pressure of the crude oil flowing through the pipeline. If there is no leakage from the hole, the pressure of the flowing crude oil remains constant in the pipeline. The change in pressure between the next two flowmeters indicates a possible theft or leak in the pipeline, giving the company enough time to investigate the suspected section of pipeline.
Installing these meters in the pipeline network helps the company to increase its reliability. Intermediaries in the oil and gas industry can gain insight into pipeline corrosion leaks from the amount of data collected through this integrated network.
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Inefficient maintenance practices lead to unplanned downtime and cost the world’s refineries an average of $60 billion in additional operating costs each year. Therefore, oil refineries need a proper maintenance system to avoid unexpected equipment breakdowns.
Typically, refiners plan the maintenance of individual units or the entire refinery to change plans for inspection systems, repair operations, or alternative equipment layouts. Refineries routinely pull pieces of equipment into workstations for inspection and maintenance without much information about the expected condition of the equipment. However, now smart devices (IoT sensors), advanced wireless networks (networks) with open communication protocols (standards), equipment and asset management analytics (augmented intelligence) are shifting to condition-based predictive maintenance strategies.
Since the downstream part of the oil and gas industry is full of processing activities, it is important to manage the storage and distribution of various products. An IoT-level monitoring solution enables refineries to digitize their storage processes.
Fuel and other petroleum products are stored in large tanks in tank farms. A large tank fleet may consist of 100-500 tanks. A large tank farm like this requires on-site visits and inspections to monitor fuel levels. An IoT-based fuel tank level monitoring system allows refineries to remotely monitor fuel levels stored in tanks. Tank levels measured by sensors are transmitted directly to a centralized control panel that can be accessed from any internet-connected device. Refineries can use this solution to track all petroleum products until commercial distribution.
Oil And Gas: Upstream, Midstream, And Downstream
The issue of data processing and efficiency changes is not limited to the inbound logistics of crude oil collection – the outbound logistics of product distribution must also be considered. The distribution ecosystem includes not only the processing and marketing companies, but also the customers to whom they sell. By applying IoT to all segments of the oil and gas industry, companies can strengthen their supply chains and better understand their gaps.
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