How To Produce Oil – Palm oil is one of the most versatile ingredients in the world, found in everything from shampoo and toothpaste to cake and coffee creamer.
Palm oil production starts with olive oil. Oil palm has a 25-30 year life span, so seed selection can affect decades. Asian Agri has developed its own Topaz seed, which is more efficient than carbon monoxide and more resistant to pests, increasing the value of palm oil.
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The seeds are planted in the nursery and transformed during the first eight months of life with daily watering, care, maintenance and planting.
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In cultivation, the trees are watered while growing and treated with fertilizer as needed. After 30 months, they are considered mature and ready to harvest the first crop, a process that is repeated every 7-10 days.
Oil palm fruit grows in a thick layer called fresh fruit (FFB). To collect FFB, the woodcutter uses long needles from the palm tree. Ready-to-cut FFB is easily recognized by the bright red-orange color of the palm.
The collected FFB is transported from the field to the mill where it is steam sterilized. This prepares the FFB for peeling, separates the fruit from the fruit, and inactivates any enzymes that would degrade the quality of the FFB.
After FFB is copied, all garbage can be reused. The long fibers from the stems can be used to make mattresses and car seats, and the remaining fruit can help retain moisture before returning to the soil and eventually composting as it decomposes.
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After removing the FFB, the coconut fruit is processed into two main products: coconut oil (CPO), which is extracted from the mesocarp or pulp of the fruit wood, and the fruit pulp (PKO), which comes from the skin.
The first step is fruit pressing, where CPO is extracted from the mesocarp. The oil is filtered and clarified to ensure it is free of impurities and dried to meet standard CPO specifications.
CPO is then sent to refineries where it is processed into edible oil (cooking oil, sugar, margarine), oleo chemicals (used in detergents and lubricants), biodiesel (oil) and lauric acid (used in cosmetics and soap ).
Meanwhile, the mesocarp is still in the “cake” press, containing a mixture of fibers and seeds. This cake is fed to the depericarper station where the mesocarp fibers and seeds are separated.
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The mesocarp fiber is used as biofuel in the boilers of palm oil mills, which create steam to drive the turbines that power the mills.
The remaining seeds of the palm, called kernels, are split open and the skin removed. The shell is removed to be sold as biofuel, while the kernel is further crushed to produce palm oil (PKO) and palm oil (PKE).
Raw PKO undergoes a refinement process before being used in non-dairy foods such as oil and ice cream, while the remaining PKE is mainly used for animal feed.
In Asian Agri, residual wastewater (POME) from the palm oil production process is used as fuel for biodegraders, turning it into compost or biogas. Currently, Asian Agri has seven biogas plants that use natural gas to power mills and operations, as well as provide electricity to nearby communities.
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Asian Agri uses sustainable production methods to reduce waste and increase efficiency, a priority of certification bodies such as the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO). This results in high productivity, environmentally friendly, and sustainable products that are used by millions of people around the world every day. Benjamin Johnson, CEO of a small independent company in Texas, told members of the House Committee. On May 1, the company developed a new technique for long-term, cheaper drilling to find oil.
BlueCrest produces Cosmopolitan oil and gas near Anchor Point on the southern Kenai Peninsula. The Cosmo field has long been known for its unique features, but Cosmo’s development has been slow. The previous owner practiced the first search in 2001.
“We know there’s definitely half a million barrels of oil in the ground, but we don’t know how we’re going to get that oil,” Johnson said. to legislators.
The Cosmo oil reservoir is shallow, up to 7,000 feet, and three miles from shore, so they were drilled offshore.
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Johnson said long-term wells have been drilled up to 30,000 feet, which he often notes are now the most powerful rigs in Alaska.
BlueCrest began producing small amounts of oil from the first well in 2016 and has since drilled 11 more wells at the site, he said.
Company officials initially planned for Cosmo to drill wells 800 feet apart. Each of these wells must eventually be fractured, allowing oil to flow in layers toward the well, a practice for extracting oil from thick, layered layers, Johnson said in the interview.
However, fracking is expensive and uncertain, and end-of-well fractures are difficult to control.
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This led the company’s drilling experts and consultants to theorize about new ways to drill for Cosmo by taking advantage of BlueCrest’s rig capabilities. Johnson said drillers have been very successful in getting the rig to drill as far as they need, and BlueCrest executives think they will be able to drill the water layer below the oil.
This method uses the practice of drilling several wells into one large well; However, external wells are usually horizontal wells that target specific aquifers.
“We’re not sure how it’s going to work or how well it’s going to work, but it’s working well. We have a good well and we can do it over and over again,” he said. again,” he said.
The Cosmo field is also richer in natural gas than oil. An offshore drilling platform is believed to be producing oil.
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The herringbone wells allow BlueCrest to drill more holes in the Cosmo without drilling, with less well space. By digging into the formation, Johnson explained, the company is “drilling into the cracks.”
This system provides the same access to the well every 800 feet.
“As far as we know, we’ve never seen vertical drilling, but we can do it ourselves,” he said.
Company executives and state regulators have said the fracking plan is environmentally safe to begin with, but many local residents have expressed concern that it could be harmful.
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“The stone is great; Another thing that makes this work is that our rocks don’t fall out,” Johnson added. “In other places, if the rock isn’t compact enough, the formation will go into the hole and become problematic. “
With the help of the herringbone well, oil production at Cosmo has increased from a few hundred barrels per day in 2016 to 1,800 to 2,000 barrels per day today. Now, BlueCrest executives are looking to expand the herringbone bottom system to 20 wells by dividing the well into three ridges, each with its own herringbone rib, the so-called “triple herringbone,” Johnson said.
“It’s faster, better, cheaper, and improves the economics of trying to pay for these wells,” he said.
Next year, Johnson said oil production could reach 3,000 to 4,000 barrels a day. BlueCrest will eventually add water injection wells to maintain pressure in the oil reservoir. The bitumen in the tar sands gives the soil a thick, compact texture. This unconventional oil is difficult and expensive to obtain
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TWENTY-FIVE MILLION BARRELS. We use this oil every day. That’s enough to fill more than 5,400 Olympic swimming pools, and demand should continue to rise regardless of the supply crunch.
The International Energy Agency expects production to reach 105 million barrels per day by 2030 (see map) with further increases, sources told The Guardian of London shortly today, and IEA insiders believe that the agency has gone too far. – We count our ability to fill this gap. The agency denied this.
While the truth is true, it is widely predicted that we will pass peak oil production by 2030.
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